adapter (lower)

(1) Lower section of a die on which the part nests.  Also called a boss, die post, horn, locator, master, master adapter, master plug, riser, and stool. (2) A device for connecting two parts of an apparatus not originally intended.

adhesives

Bonding agents placed between the inner and outer panels.

advance

See Progression

aerial cam

A cam attached to the upper half of the die with a driver on the bottom half of the die.  Also called flying cam, dog leg cam, or walking cam.

aids

See skin or cast.

air bend die

Angle-forming dies in which the metal is formed without striking the bottom of the die.  Metal contact is made at only three points in the cross section: the nose of the male die and the two edges of a V-shaped die opening.

air cushion

An air-actuated die cushion.

air draw

A draw operation performed in a single action press with the blankholder pressure supplied by an air cushion.

air pin

See pressure pin.

air spring

See pneumatic spring.

air-hardening steel

An alloy steel which will harden by cooling in still air from a temperature higher than the transformation range.  Also called self-hardening steel.

alloy

A substance that has metallic properties and is composed of two or more chemical elements of which at least one is an elemental metal.

angle steel

See pre-hem steel.

anisotropy

See plastic anisotropy. 

annealing

A process involving the heating and cooling of a metal, commonly used to induce softening. The term refers to treatments intended to alter mechanical or physical properties or to produce a definite microstructure.

anvil steel

The lower steels or adapter against which-the hem steel finishes or flattens the hem.

arbor press

A press originally developed for forcing arbors or mandrels into holes and similar assembling.

automatic press

A press with built-in electrical and pneumatic control in which the work is fed mechanically through the press in synchronism with the press action.

automatic press stop

A machine-generated signal for stopping the action of a press, usually after a complete cycle, by disengaging the clutch mechanism and engaging the brake mechanism.

axisymmetric drawing

The drawing of shapes having an axis of symmetry such as cones and round cups.  See Figure A1 for several examples of axisymmetric drawn parts.